Pehea e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ke kukui LED?

No ka mea pono mākou e ʻike i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana kukui e pono e hoʻomaikaʻi a hoʻololi ʻia, ua hoʻoikaika mākou i ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu o ka flicker (ʻo ia ka mana AC a i ʻole PWM?).

Ina kaHANA LEDʻO ia ke kumu o ka flicker, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi iā ia no kahi mea hou i hana ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mana AC a hoʻololi iā ia i kahi manawa DC kūpaʻa maoli, a laila hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokele i nā LED. ʻimi i "ʻōlinolino ʻole"nā palapala hōʻoia a me nā ana flicker i ke koho ʻana i kahi kāʻei LED:

Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻokoʻa like ʻole ma waena o nā pae ʻālohilohi kiʻekiʻe a me ka liʻiliʻi loa (amplitude) i loko o ka pōʻaiapuni flicker ma ke ʻano he pākēneka i kapa ʻia ʻo "flicker percent." ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka ʻōpuʻu incandescent flickers ma waena o 10% a me 20%. (no ka mea, paʻa kona filament i kona wela i ka wā o nā "awāwa" i kahi hōʻailona AC).

ʻO Flicker Index kahi metric e helu ana i ka nui a me ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e hoʻonui ai ka LED i ka mālamalama ma mua o ka manawa maʻamau i ka pōʻaiapuni flicker. ʻO ka index flicker o kahi ʻōpuʻu incandescent he 0.04.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka holo ʻana o ka pōʻai uila i kēlā me kēia kekona he alapine flicker a hōʻike ʻia ma hertz (Hz). Ma muli o ke alapine o ka hōʻailona AC e hiki mai ana, e hana ana ka hapa nui o nā kukui LED ma 100-120 Hz. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka hopena like ʻole o ka flicker a me ka flicker index pae ma nā ʻōpala me nā alapine kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ko lākou mau manawa hoʻololi wikiwiki.

Ma ka 100–120 Hz, ʻōlinolino ka hapa nui o nā ʻōpuʻu LED. Manaʻo ʻo IEEE 1789 i ka 8% palekana (“low risk”) flicker ma kēia alapine, a me 3% e hoʻopau loa i nā hopena o flicker.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka ʻāpana dimmer PWM inā ʻo ka PWM dimmer a i ʻole ka mea hoʻoponopono ke kumu o ka flicker. ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻāpana LED a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe ke kumu o ka flicker, ʻo ka PWM dimmer a i ʻole ka mea hoʻokele e pono ke hoʻololi.

I ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi hoʻonā PWM manuahi ʻole, e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka helu pinepine ʻana no ka mea ʻo ia wale nō ka PWM flicker metric pono (no ka mea, he hōʻailona mau me 100% flicker). Manaʻo mākou i kahi alapine PWM o 25 kHz (25,000 Hz) a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe no kahi hopena PWM ʻaʻole ʻaʻa.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hōʻike nā maʻamau e like me IEEE 1789 i nā kumu kukui PWM me ke alapine o 3000 Hz he alapine kiʻekiʻe e hōʻemi piha i nā hopena o ka flicker. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻokahi pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka alapine ma luna o 20 kHz ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻopau ai i ka hiki o nā lako lako mana e hana i nā leo kani a i ʻole nā ​​​​leo ʻōhumu. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ka nui o ka audible frequency no ka hapa nui o ka poʻe he 20,000 Hz, no laila, ma ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kahi mea ma 25,000 Hz, no ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i ka hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā leo uwē a i ʻole nā ​​​​leo ʻāwīwī, hiki ke pilikia inā pili ʻoe a i ʻole. inā he leo nui kāu noi.